Artificial Intelligence Fundamentals: Classifications, Core Technologies, and Computational Techniques
Author: Dr. Anna Neya Kazanskaia
Publisher: NEYA Global Publishing
Article | NEYA Global Journal of Non-Profit Studies
Year: 2025
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5669-1676
DOI: https://doi.org/10.64357/neya-gjnps-ai-mch-lr-03
This material forms part of the NEYA Global knowledge architecture. Institutional, organizational, professional, training, consulting, curriculum, program design, or implementation use requires an active license from NEYA Global
Explore Architecture →
Module Overview →
Request Institutional Access →
About the Article
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a multidimensional field encompassing different classifications, core technologies, and computational methods. This article distinguishes between Narrow AI, General AI, and Superintelligent AI, while emphasizing the practical dominance of narrow applications. It examines key technologies such as Natural Language Processing, Computer Vision, Robotics, and Expert Systems, alongside computational techniques including rule-based systems, search algorithms, and knowledge representation. Case illustrations from healthcare, agriculture, education, and finance demonstrate AI’s capacity to advance efficiency and equity, particularly in low-resource environments. The analysis also addresses challenges of data dependency, computational complexity, and ethical risks, underscoring the importance of responsible governance, open-source tools, and local capacity building.
Key Topics
- Classifications of artificial intelligence
- Natural language processing and computer vision
- Robotics and expert systems
- Rule-based systems, search algorithms, and knowledge representation
- Ethical and governance challenges in AI adoption
- Applications in healthcare, agriculture, education, and finance
Suggested Citation
Kazanskaia, A. N. (2025). Artificial Intelligence Fundamentals: Classifications, Core Technologies, and Computational Techniques. NEYA Global Journal of Non-Profit Studies. Neya Global Publishing. https://doi.org/10.64357/neya-gjnps-ai-mch-lr-03
References
| Crawford, K. (2021). Atlas of AI: Power, politics, and the planetary costs of artificial intelligence. Yale University Press. https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300252392 | ||||
| Kazanskaia, A. N. (2025). AI and Machine Learning. NEYA Global Publishing. https://doi.org/10.64357/ai-and-machine-learning-2025 | ||||
| Kazanskaia, A. N. (2025). Technology Tools for Efficiency & Impact. NEYA Global Publishing. https://doi.org/10.64357/technology-tools-2025 | ||||
| Kazanskaia, A. N. (2025). Harnessing Big Data: Insights for Better Decision Making. NEYA Global Publishing. https://doi.org/10.64357/harnessing-big-data-2025 | ||||
| Kazanskaia, A. N. (2025). Cybersecurity Essentials. NEYA Global Publishing. https://doi.org/10.64357/cybersecurity-essentials-2025 | ||||
| Kazanskaia, A. N. (2025). Machine Learning Models and Algorithms: Approaches, Applications, and Best Practices. NEYA Global Journal of Non-Profit Studies. https://doi.org/10.64357/neya-gjnps-ai-mch-lr-04 | ||||
| Kazanskaia, A. N. (2025). Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Contemporary Organizational Practice. NEYA Global Journal of Non-Profit Studies. https://doi.org/10.64357/neya-gjnps-ai-mch-lr-01 | ||||
| Luckin, R., & Holmes, W. (2017). A practical framework for artificial intelligence in education. British Journal of Educational Technology, 48(1), 1-13. | ||||
| Mhlanga, D. (2023). Artificial intelligence in the financial sector: Opportunities and challenges for developing countries. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 16(3), 134-147. | ||||
| Russell, S., & Norvig, P. (2021). Artificial intelligence: A modern approach (4th ed.). Pearson. | ||||
| Topol, E. (2019). Deep medicine: How artificial intelligence can make healthcare human again. Basic Books. | ||||
| Wolfert, S., Ge, L., Verdouw, C., & Bogaardt, M. J. (2017). Big data in smart farming: A review. Agricultural Systems, 153, 69-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2017.01.023 | ||||
